英漢隱喻性詞匯對(duì)比研究

畢業(yè)論文

A Contrastive Study of Metaphorical Words in
English and Chinese
Abstract

Metaphorical words are words that have the meaning of metaphor. It enable the glossary to have the metaphor significance, thus strengthen the metaphor expression accurate and vivid. This thesis studies the word-formation, motivations, metaphorical meanings and cultural connotation, and finds that: 1) metaphor is not only a rhetorical device but a ways to enrich vocabulary, to extend the meaning of the terms and dynamically records, and to reflect the development of the human cognitive process; 2) some present participles have a common feature when they are used as metaphorical words and the deviational meaning will appear in the time of the collocation of it and its modifier; 3) different cultural context creates different metaphor vocabulary. To study metaphorical words, it’s good for enhancing the ability of understanding and expression, comprehending the meaning of words well and knowing the cultural of English countries deeply. It also can get the reality significance to the language teaching.

Key Words: metaphor; word-formation; metaphorical meanings;
cultural connotation; motivations

摘 要

隱喻是通過(guò)人類的認(rèn)知和推理將1個(gè)概念域投射映合到另1個(gè)概念域，從而建立不同概念之間的相互聯(lián)系。隱喻性詞匯是1種有3種構(gòu)成方式，即詞性轉(zhuǎn)化、添加詞綴和使用分詞的具有隱喻意義的詞匯。隱喻性詞匯通過(guò)以上3種主要方式的構(gòu)成，使詞匯具有了隱喻意義，從而增強(qiáng)了隱喻表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性和形象性。本文從認(rèn)知的角度對(duì)隱喻性詞匯的構(gòu)成方法、理?yè)?jù)、喻意和文化內(nèi)涵4個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究，得出 ⑴ 隱喻已不僅是語(yǔ)言使用者修飾所用詞語(yǔ)的1種修辭手段，更重要的是它能豐富語(yǔ)言中的詞匯，擴(kuò)展詞匯的詞義，動(dòng)態(tài)的記錄人類認(rèn)知的發(fā)展過(guò)程。⑵ 有些現(xiàn)在分詞作為隱喻性的詞語(yǔ)有1個(gè)共同點(diǎn)，在它們和被它們所修飾的詞語(yǔ)之間在搭配上出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)意上的偏離。⑶ 不同的文化語(yǔ)境造成不同的隱喻性詞匯。對(duì)隱喻性詞匯的研究，有助于更有效的提高語(yǔ)言的理解能力和表達(dá)能力，理解詞匯意義，更深1成地了解英語(yǔ)國(guó)家相關(guān)的文化知識(shí)，對(duì)于言教學(xué)能起到現(xiàn)實(shí)的意義。

關(guān)鍵詞：隱喻、構(gòu)詞法、喻意、文化內(nèi)涵、理?yè)?jù)

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